https://www.youtube.com/embed/btqHDhO4h10
<aside> β¨
English & Korean
πΉ Introduction
Thank you, Larry. β κ°μ¬ν©λλ€, λ리.
Itβs a pleasure β and a duty β to be with you tonight in this pivotal moment that Canada and the world are going through. β μΊλλ€μ μΈκ³κ° κ²ͺκ³ μλ μ΄ μ€λν μκ°μ μ€λ μ¬λ¬λΆκ³Ό ν¨κ»νλ κ²μ κΈ°μ¨μ΄μ μ무μ λλ€.
Tonight, Iβll talk about a rupture in the world order, the end of a pleasant fiction, and the beginning of a harsh reality where geopolitics β where the large, main power β is submitted to no limits, no constraints. β μ€λ μ λ μΈκ³ μ§μμ κ· μ΄, μ°λ¦¬κ° νΈμνκ² λ―Ώμ΄μλ νꡬμ μ’ λ§, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ§μ νβμ¦, μ£Όμ κ°λκ΅μ΄ μ΄λ ν μ νμ΄λ μ μ½λ λ°μ§ μλ λνΉν νμ€μ μμμ λν΄ μ΄μΌκΈ°νκ² μ΅λλ€.
On the other hand, I would like to tell you that the other countries, particularly intermediate powers like Canada, are not powerless. β ννΈ, μ λ μΊλλ€μ κ°μ μ€κ²¬κ΅λ€μ ν¬ν¨ν λ€λ₯Έ κ΅κ°λ€μ΄ 무λ ₯νμ§ μλ€λ μ μ λ§μλλ¦¬κ³ μΆμ΅λλ€.
They have the capacity to build a new order that encompasses our values, like respect for human rights, sustainable development, solidarity, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of the various states. β κ·Έλ€μ μΈκΆ μ‘΄μ€, μ§μκ°λ₯ν λ°μ , μ°λ, μ£ΌκΆ, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ κ° κ΅κ°μ μν 보μ κ³Ό κ°μ μ°λ¦¬μ κ°μΉλ₯Ό ν¬κ΄νλ μλ‘μ΄ μ§μλ₯Ό ꡬμΆν λ₯λ ₯μ΄ μμ΅λλ€.
The power of the less powerful starts with honesty. β λ κ°ν μλ€μ νμ μ μ§ν¨μμ μμλ©λλ€.
πΉ κ°λκ΅ κ²½μμ μλ
It seems that every day we are reminded that we live in an era of great power rivalry. β μ°λ¦¬λ λ§€μΌ κ°λκ΅ κ²½μμ μλμ μ΄κ³ μλ€λ μ¬μ€μ μκΈ°λ°λ λ―ν©λλ€.
That the rules-based order is fading. β κ·μΉ κΈ°λ° κ΅μ μ§μλ μ½νλκ³ μμ΅λλ€.
That the strong do what they can, and the weak must suffer what they must. β κ°μλ ν μ μλ μΌμ νκ³ , μ½μλ κ°λ΄ν΄μΌ ν κ²μ κ°λ΄ν΄μΌ νλ€λ νμ€μ΄ μμ΅λλ€.
This aphorism of Thucydides is presented as inevitable β the natural logic of international relations reasserting itself. β ν¬ν€λλ°μ€μ μ΄ κ²©μΈμ λΆκ°νΌν κ²μΌλ‘ μ μλλ©°, κ΅μ κ΄κ³μ μμ°μ€λ¬μ΄ λ Όλ¦¬κ° λ€μ λνλ κ²μ²λΌ μ€λͺ λ©λλ€.
And faced with this logic, there is a strong tendency for countries to go along to get along. β μ΄λ¬ν λ Όλ¦¬ μμμ κ΅κ°λ€μ κ°λ±μ νΌνκΈ° μν΄ μμνλ €λ κ°ν κ²½ν₯μ 보μ λλ€.
To accommodate. β νννλ € νκ³ ,
To avoid trouble. β λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό νΌνλ € νλ©°,
To hope that compliance will buy safety. β λ³΅μ’ μ΄ μμ μ 보μ₯ν΄ μ£ΌκΈ°λ₯Ό λ°λλλ€.
Well, it wonβt. β κ·Έλ¬λ κ·Έλ μ§ μμ΅λλ€.
So, what are our options? β κ·Έλ λ€λ©΄ μ°λ¦¬μ μ νμ§λ 무μμΌκΉμ?
πΉ λ°μΈ¨λΌν ν벨과 βνμλ μλ€μ νβ
In 1978, the Czech dissident VΓ‘clav Havel, later president, wrote an essay called The Power of the Powerless. β 1978λ , 체μ½μ λ°μ²΄μ μΈμ¬μμΌλ©° νλ λν΅λ Ήμ΄ λ λ°μΈ¨λΌν ν벨μ γνμλ μλ€μ νγμ΄λΌλ μμΈμ΄λ₯Ό μΌμ΅λλ€.
In it, he asked a simple question: how did the communist system sustain itself? β κ·Έ κΈμμ κ·Έλ λ¨μν μ§λ¬Έμ λμ‘μ΅λλ€. 곡μ°μ£Όμ 체μ λ μ΄λ»κ² μ μ§λμλκ°?
His answer began with a greengrocer. β κ·Έμ λ΅μ ν μ±μ κ°κ² μ£ΌμΈμΌλ‘λΆν° μμλ©λλ€.
Every morning, this shopkeeper places a sign in his window: βWorkers of the world, unite!β β λ§€μΌ μμΉ¨, μ΄ μμΈμ κ°κ² μ°½λ¬Έμ βμ μΈκ³ λ Έλμμ¬, λ¨κ²°νλΌ!βλΌλ νμ§νμ κ±Έμ΄ λ‘λλ€.
He does not believe it. β κ·Έλ κ·Έκ²μ λ―Ώμ§ μμ΅λλ€.
No one believes it. β μ무λ κ·Έκ²μ λ―Ώμ§ μμ΅λλ€.
But he places the sign anyway β to avoid trouble, to signal compliance, to get along. β κ·Έλ¬λ κ·Έλ λ¬Έμ λ₯Ό νΌνκ³ , μμμ λλ¬λ΄κ³ , 무λνκ² μ§λ΄κΈ° μν΄ μ¬μ ν κ·Έ νμ§νμ κ²λλ€.
And because every shopkeeper on every street does the same, the system persists. β κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λͺ¨λ 거리μ μμΈλ€μ΄ λκ°μ΄ νλνκΈ° λλ¬Έμ, 체μ λ μ§μλ©λλ€.
Not through violence alone, but through the participation of ordinary people in rituals they privately know to be false. β νλ ₯ λλ¬Έλ§μ΄ μλλΌ, μ¬λλ€μ΄ μμΌλ‘λ κ±°μ§μμ μλ©΄μλ κ·Έ μμμ μννκΈ° λλ¬Έμ λλ€.
Havel called this βliving within a lie.β β ν벨μ μ΄λ₯Ό βκ±°μ§ μμμ μ΄μκ°κΈ°βλΌκ³ λΆλ μ΅λλ€.
The systemβs power comes not from its truth but from everyoneβs willingness to perform as if it were true. β 체μ μ νμ μ§μ€μμ λμ€λ κ²μ΄ μλλΌ, λͺ¨λκ° κ·Έκ²μ΄ μ§μ€μΈ κ²μ²λΌ μ°κΈ°νλ €λ μμ§μμ λμ΅λλ€.
And its fragility comes from the same source: when even one person stops performing β when the greengrocer removes his sign β the illusion begins to crack. β κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ κ·Έ μ·¨μ½μ± λν κ°μ μ§μ μμ λΉλ‘―λ©λλ€. λ¨ ν μ¬λμ΄λΌλ μ°κΈ°λ₯Ό λ©μΆ λβμ±μ κ°κ² μ£ΌμΈμ΄ νμ§νμ λ΄λ¦΄ λβνμμ κΈμ΄ κ°κΈ° μμν©λλ€.
Friends, it is time for companies and countries to take their signs down. β μ¬λ¬λΆ, μ΄μ κΈ°μ κ³Ό κ΅κ°λ€μ΄ κ·Έ νμ§νμ λ΄λ¦΄ λμ λλ€.
πΉ κ·μΉ κΈ°λ° μ§μμ νꡬ
For decades, countries like Canada prospered under what we called the rules-based international order. β μμ λ λμ, μΊλλ€μ κ°μ κ΅κ°λ€μ μ°λ¦¬κ° βκ·μΉ κΈ°λ° κ΅μ μ§μβλΌκ³ λΆλ λ 체μ μλμμ λ²μνμ΅λλ€. (μ°λ¦¬λ κ·Έ 체μ λλΆμ μ±μ₯νκ³ μμ μ±μ λλ Έμ΅λλ€.)
We joined its institutions, we praised its principles, we benefited from its predictability. β μ°λ¦¬λ κ·Έ μ λλ€μ κ°μ νκ³ , κ·Έ μμΉλ€μ μΉμ‘νμΌλ©°, κ·Έ μμΈ‘ κ°λ₯μ±μ ννμ λλ Έμ΅λλ€. (κ·Έ μμ€ν μμμ νλνλ©° μμ μ μΈ μ΄μ΅μ μ»μμ΅λλ€.)
And because of that, we could pursue values-based foreign policies under its protection. β κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ κ·Έ λλΆμ, μ°λ¦¬λ κ·Έ λ³΄νΈ μλμμ κ°μΉ κΈ°λ° μΈκ΅ μ μ± μ μΆμ§ν μ μμμ΅λλ€. (μμ λ§μ΄ μμκΈ° λλ¬Έμ μ΄μμ μΆκ΅¬ν μ μμμ΅λλ€.)
We knew the story of the international rules-based order was partially false. β μ°λ¦¬λ κ΅μ κ·μΉ κΈ°λ° μ§μμ λν μ΄μΌκΈ°κ° λΆλΆμ μΌλ‘λ κ±°μ§μμ μκ³ μμμ΅λλ€. (κ·Έ 체μ κ° μμ ν 곡μ νμ§ μλ€λ κ²μ μκ³ μμμ΅λλ€.)
That the strongest would exempt themselves when convenient. β κ°μ₯ κ°ν μλ€μ νΈλ¦¬ν λ μ€μ€λ‘λ₯Ό μμΈλ‘ λμλ€λ κ²μ. (κ°λκ΅μ νμνλ©΄ κ·μΉμ νΌν΄ κ°λ€λ λ»μ λλ€.)
That trade rules were enforced asymmetrically. β 무μ κ·μΉμ΄ λΉλμΉμ μΌλ‘ μ§νλμλ€λ κ²μ. (λͺ¨λμκ² λμΌνκ² μ μ©λμ§ μμλ€λ λ»μ λλ€.)
And we knew that international law applied with varying rigour depending on the identity of the accused or the victim. β κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ°λ¦¬λ κ΅μ λ²μ΄ νΌκ³ λ νΌν΄μμ μ 체μ±μ λ°λΌ μλ‘ λ€λ₯Έ μ격ν¨μΌλ‘ μ μ©λλ€λ κ²μ μκ³ μμμ΅λλ€. (λκ° κ΄λ ¨λμλμ§μ λ°λΌ λ²μ κ°λκ° λ¬λΌμ‘λ€λ μλ―Έμ λλ€.)
This fiction was useful, and American hegemony, in particular, helped provide public goods: open sea lanes, a stable financial system, collective security, and support for frameworks for resolving disputes. β μ΄ νꡬλ μ μ©νκ³ , νΉν λ―Έκ΅μ ν¨κΆμ 곡곡μ¬λ₯Ό μ 곡νλ λ° κΈ°μ¬νμ΅λλ€: μ΄λ¦° ν΄μλ‘, μμ μ μΈ κΈμ΅ μμ€ν , μ§λ¨ μ보, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λΆμ ν΄κ²°μ μν νμ λν μ§μμ΄ κ·Έκ²μ λλ€. (μλ²½νμ§ μμμ§λ§ μ€μ§μ μ΄μ΅μ μ£Όμμ΅λλ€.)
So, we placed the sign in the window. β κ·Έλμ μ°λ¦¬λ μ°½λ¬Έμ κ·Έ νμ§νμ κ±Έμ΄ λμμ΅λλ€. (κ·Έ 체μ λ₯Ό 곡κ°μ μΌλ‘ μ§μ§νμ΅λλ€.)
We participated in the rituals, and we largely avoided calling out the gaps between rhetoric and reality. β μ°λ¦¬λ κ·Έ μμμ μ°Έμ¬νκ³ , μμ¬μ νμ€ μ¬μ΄μ κ°κ·Ήμ λλΆλΆ μ§μ νμ§ μμμ΅λλ€. (λ§κ³Ό νλμ λΆμΌμΉλ₯Ό ν¬κ² λ¬Έμ μΌμ§ μμμ΅λλ€.)
This bargain no longer works. β μ΄ κ±°λλ λ μ΄μ μλνμ§ μμ΅λλ€. (μ΄ μ묡μ ν©μλ κΉ¨μ‘μ΅λλ€.)
Let me be direct. β μμ§ν λ§νκ² μ΅λλ€.
πΉ μ νμ΄ μλλΌ βκ· μ΄β
We are in the midst of a rupture, not a transition. β μ°λ¦¬λ μ νμ΄ μλλΌ κ· μ΄μ νκ°μ΄λ°μ μμ΅λλ€. (λ¨μν λ³νκ° μλλΌ κ΅¬μ‘°μ λΆκ΄΄μ λλ€.)
Over the past two decades, a series of crises in finance, health, energy, and geopolitics have laid bare the risks of extreme global integration. β μ§λ 20λ λμ κΈμ΅, 보건, μλμ§, μ§μ ν λΆμΌμ μΌλ ¨μ μκΈ°λ€μ κ·Ήλ¨μ μΈκ³νμ μνμ λλ¬λμ΅λλ€. (μ§λμΉ ν΅ν©μ΄ μΌλ§λ μ·¨μ½νμ§ λ³΄μ¬μ£Όμμ΅λλ€.)
More recently, great powers have begun using economic integration as weapons, tariffs as leverage, financial infrastructure as coercion, and supply chains as vulnerabilities to be exploited. β μ΅κ·Όμλ κ°λκ΅λ€μ΄ κ²½μ ν΅ν©μ λ¬΄κΈ°λ‘ μ¬μ©νκΈ° μμνκ³ , κ΄μΈλ₯Ό μ§λ λλ‘, κΈμ΅ μΈνλΌλ₯Ό κ°μ μλ¨μΌλ‘, 곡κΈλ§μ μ μ© κ°λ₯ν μ·¨μ½μ±μΌλ‘ νμ©νκ³ μμ΅λλ€. (κ²½μ μμ€ν μμ²΄κ° μλ° λκ΅¬κ° λκ³ μμ΅λλ€.)
You cannot βlive within the lieβ of mutual benefit through integration when integration becomes the source of your subordination. β ν΅ν©μ΄ λΉμ μ μ’ μμ μμ²μ΄ λλ μκ°, ν΅ν©μ ν΅ν μνΈ μ΄μ΅μ΄λΌλ βκ±°μ§ μμμβ μ΄μκ° μλ μμ΅λλ€. (κ²½μ νλ ₯μ΄ μ€νλ € μμμ΄ λλ©΄ λ μ΄μ κ·Έ λͺ λΆμ μ μ§ν μ μμ΅λλ€.)
The multilateral institutions on which the middle powers have relied β the WTO, the UN, the COP β the architecture, the very architecture of collective problem solving β are under threat. β μ€κ²¬κ΅λ€μ΄ μμ‘΄ν΄ μ¨ λ€μ기ꡬλ€βWTO, UN, COPβμ¦, μ§λ¨μ λ¬Έμ ν΄κ²°μ ꡬ쑰, κ·Έ ν΅μ¬ ꡬ쑰 μμ²΄κ° μνλ°κ³ μμ΅λλ€. (곡λ λμ 체κ³κ° νλ€λ¦¬κ³ μμ΅λλ€.)
As a result, many countries are drawing the same conclusions. β κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό, λ§μ κ΅κ°λ€μ΄ κ°μ κ²°λ‘ μ λλ¬νκ³ μμ΅λλ€.
They must develop greater strategic autonomy: in energy, food, critical minerals, in finance, and supply chains. β κ·Έλ€μ μλμ§, μλ, ν΅μ¬ κ΄λ¬Ό, κΈμ΅, 곡κΈλ§ λΆμΌμμ λ ν° μ λ΅μ μμ¨μ±μ κ°λ°ν΄μΌ νλ€κ³ νλ¨νκ³ μμ΅λλ€. (μκΈ λ₯λ ₯μ ν€μμΌ νλ€λ λ»μ λλ€.)
This impulse is understandable. β μ΄λ¬ν μΆ©λμ μ΄ν΄ν μ μμ΅λλ€.
A country that cannot feed itself, fuel itself, or defend itself has few options. β μ€μ€λ‘λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ¬ μ΄λ¦¬κ³ , μλμ§λ₯Ό 곡κΈνκ³ , λ°©μ΄ν μ μλ κ΅κ°λ μ νμ§κ° κ±°μ μμ΅λλ€. (μ립νμ§ λͺ»νλ©΄ νμλ ₯λ μμ΅λλ€.)
When the rules no longer protect you, you must protect yourself. β κ·μΉμ΄ λ μ΄μ λΉμ μ 보νΈνμ§ μμ λ, λΉμ μ μ€μ€λ‘λ₯Ό 보νΈν΄μΌ ν©λλ€. (μ λκ° λ¬΄λμ§λ©΄ μλ ₯ ꡬμ κ° νμν©λλ€.)
But let us be clear-eyed about where this leads. β κ·Έλ¬λ μ΄κ²μ΄ μ΄λλ‘ μ΄μ΄μ§λμ§ λμ νκ² λ³΄μμΌ ν©λλ€.
A world of fortresses will be poorer, more fragile, and less sustainable. β μμνλ μΈκ³λ λ κ°λνκ³ , λ μ·¨μ½νλ©°, λ μ§μκ°λ₯ν κ²μ λλ€. (κ°μλμμ μΈκ³λ κ²°κ΅ λͺ¨λμκ² μν΄μ λλ€.)
πΉ μ λ΅μ μμ¨μ±κ³Ό κ·Έ μν
And there is another truth. β κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λ λ€λ₯Έ μ§μ€μ΄ μμ΅λλ€.
If great powers abandon even the pretence of rules and values for the unhindered pursuit of their power and interests, the gains from transactionalism will become harder to replicate. β λ§μ½ κ°λκ΅λ€μ΄ μμ λ€μ κΆλ ₯κ³Ό μ΄μ΅μ μ ν μμ΄ μΆκ΅¬νκΈ° μν΄ κ·μΉκ³Ό κ°μΉμ λν μ΅μνμ κ²μΉλ μ‘°μ°¨ λ²λ¦°λ€λ©΄, κ±°λ μ€μ¬ μ κ·Όμμ μ»λ μ΄μ΅μ μ¬ννκΈ° λ μ΄λ €μμ§ κ²μ λλ€. (κ°λκ΅μ΄ λ Έκ³¨μ μΌλ‘ νλ§ μΆκ΅¬νλ©΄ μ€λ¦¬ μΈκ΅μ μ΄μ΅λ μ€μ΄λλλ€.)
Hegemons cannot continually monetise their relationships. β ν¨κΆκ΅μ κ΄κ³λ₯Ό μ§μμ μΌλ‘ μμ΅νν μλ μμ΅λλ€. (λλ§Ήκ³Ό κ΄κ³λ₯Ό κ³μ λλ²μ΄ μλ¨μ²λΌ νμ©ν μλ μμ΅λλ€.)
Allies will diversify to hedge against uncertainty. β λλ§Ήκ΅λ€μ λΆνμ€μ±μ λλΉνκΈ° μν΄ λ€λ³νν κ²μ λλ€. (μν λΆμ°μ μλν κ²μ λλ€.)
Theyβll buy insurance, increase options, in order to rebuild sovereignty β sovereignty that was once grounded in rules, but will increasingly be anchored in the ability to withstand pressure. β κ·Έλ€μ 보νμ λ€κ³ , μ νμ§λ₯Ό λλ € μ£ΌκΆμ μ¬κ±΄νλ € ν κ²μ λλ€βνλλ κ·μΉμ κΈ°λ°νλ μ£ΌκΆμ΄ μ μ μλ°μ 견λ μ μλ λ₯λ ₯μ κΈ°λ°νκ² λ κ²μ λλ€. (μ λ λμ βλ²νΈ νβμ΄ μ£ΌκΆμ κΈ°λ°μ΄ λ©λλ€.)
This room knows this is classic risk management. β μ΄ μ리μ κ³μ λΆλ€μ μ΄κ²μ΄ μ νμ μΈ λ¦¬μ€ν¬ κ΄λ¦¬λΌλ κ²μ μκ³ κ³μλλ€.
Risk management comes at a price, but that cost of strategic autonomy, of sovereignty, can also be shared. β 리μ€ν¬ κ΄λ¦¬λ λΉμ©μ΄ λ°λ₯΄μ§λ§, μ λ΅μ μμ¨μ±κ³Ό μ£ΌκΆμ λΉμ©μ λν λΆλ΄λ μ μμ΅λλ€.
Collective investments in resilience are cheaper than everyone building their own fortresses. β ν볡λ ₯μ λν 곡λ ν¬μλ κ°μκ° μμλ₯Ό μ§λ κ²λ³΄λ€ λ μ λ ΄ν©λλ€. (νλ ₯μ΄ κ°μλμλ³΄λ€ ν¨μ¨μ μ λλ€.)
Shared standards reduce fragmentation. β κ³΅ν΅ κΈ°μ€μ λΆμ΄μ μ€μ λλ€.
Complementarities are positive sum. β μνΈλ³΄μμ±μ μ λ‘μ¬μ΄ μλ νλ¬μ€μ¬μ λλ€. (ν¨κ»νλ©΄ λͺ¨λκ° μ΄μ΅μ μ»μ μ μμ΅λλ€.)
The question for middle powers, like Canada, is not whether to adapt to this new reality. β μΊλλ€μ κ°μ μ€κ²¬κ΅μκ² λ¬Έμ λ μ΄ μλ‘μ΄ νμ€μ μ μν κ²μΈκ°κ° μλλλ€.
We must. β μ°λ¦¬λ λ°λμ μ μν΄μΌ ν©λλ€.
The question is whether we adapt by simply building higher walls β or whether we can do something more ambitious. β λ¬Έμ λ λ¨μ§ λ λμ μ₯λ²½μ μμΌλ©° μ μν κ²μΈκ°, μλλ©΄ λ μΌμ¬μ°¬ 무μΈκ°λ₯Ό ν μ μλκ°μ λλ€. (μκ·Ήμ λ°©μ΄μΈκ°, μ κ·Ήμ μ€κ³μΈκ°μ λ¬Έμ μ λλ€.)
πΉ μΊλλ€μ μ κ·Ό: βκ°μΉ κΈ°λ° νμ€μ£Όμβ
Now, Canada was amongst the first to hear the wake-up call, leading us to fundamentally shift our strategic posture. β μΊλλ€λ κ²½κ³ μμ κ°μ₯ λ¨Όμ λ€μ λλΌ μ€ νλμμΌλ©°, μ΄λ μ°λ¦¬μ μ λ΅μ μμΈλ₯Ό κ·Όλ³Έμ μΌλ‘ μ ννκ² νμ΅λλ€.
Canadians know that our old, comfortable assumptions that our geography and alliance memberships automatically conferred prosperity and security β that assumption is no longer valid. β μΊλλ€μΈλ€μ μ°λ¦¬μ μ§λ¦¬μ μμΉμ λλ§Ή κ°μ μ΄ μλμ μΌλ‘ λ²μκ³Ό μ보λ₯Ό 보μ₯νλ€λ μ€λλ μμΌν κ°μ μ΄ λ μ΄μ μ ν¨νμ§ μλ€λ κ²μ μκ³ μμ΅λλ€.
Our new approach rests on what Alexander Stubb, the President of Finland, has termed βvalue-based realismβ β or, to put it another way, we aim to be both principled and pragmatic. β μ°λ¦¬μ μλ‘μ΄ μ κ·Όμ νλλ λν΅λ Ή μλ μ°λ μ€ν μ΄ βκ°μΉ κΈ°λ° νμ€μ£ΌμβλΌκ³ λΆλ₯Έ κ°λ μ κΈ°λ°ν©λλ€βλ€λ₯΄κ² λ§νλ©΄, μ°λ¦¬λ μμΉμ μ΄λ©΄μλ μ€μ©μ μ΄ λλ € ν©λλ€.
Principled in our commitment to fundamental values: sovereignty and territorial integrity, the prohibition of the use of force except when consistent with the UN Charter, and respect for human rights. β μ°λ¦¬λ μ£ΌκΆκ³Ό μν 보μ , UN νμ₯μ λΆν©νμ§ μλ 무λ ₯ μ¬μ© κΈμ§, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μΈκΆ μ‘΄μ€μ΄λΌλ κ·Όλ³Έ κ°μΉμ λν νμ μ μμ΄ μμΉμ μ λλ€.
Pragmatic in recognising that progress is often incremental, that interests diverge, that not every partner will share all of our values. β λμμ μ°λ¦¬λ μ§μ μ΄ μ’ μ’ μ μ§μ μ΄λΌλ κ², μ΄ν΄κ΄κ³κ° λ€λ₯Ό μ μλ€λ κ², λͺ¨λ ννΈλκ° μ°λ¦¬μ κ°μΉλ₯Ό μ λΆ κ³΅μ νμ§λ μλλ€λ κ²μ μΈμ νλ λ° μμ΄ μ€μ©μ μ λλ€.
We are engaging broadly, strategically, with open eyes. β μ°λ¦¬λ λμ λ¬ μ±λ‘ νλκ³ μ λ΅μ μΌλ‘ κ΄μ¬νκ³ μμ΅λλ€. (νμ€μ μ§μνλ©° μΈκ΅ν©λλ€.)
We actively take on the world as it is, not wait for a world we wish to be. β μ°λ¦¬λ μ°λ¦¬κ° λ°λΌλ μΈκ³λ₯Ό κΈ°λ€λ¦¬μ§ μκ³ , μλ κ·Έλλ‘μ μΈκ³μ μ κ·Ήμ μΌλ‘ λμν©λλ€.
We are calibrating our relationships so their depth reflects our values. β μ°λ¦¬λ κ΄κ³μ κΉμ΄κ° μ°λ¦¬μ κ°μΉλ₯Ό λ°μνλλ‘ μ‘°μ νκ³ μμ΅λλ€.
We are prioritising broad engagement to maximise our influence, given the fluidity of the world order, the risks that this poses, and the stakes for what comes next. β μ°λ¦¬λ μΈκ³ μ§μμ μ λμ±, κ·Έλ‘ μΈν μν, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μμΌλ‘μ μ€λν κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό κ³ λ €νμ¬ μ°λ¦¬μ μν₯λ ₯μ κ·ΉλννκΈ° μν΄ νλμ κ΄μ¬λ₯Ό μ°μ μνκ³ μμ΅λλ€.
We are no longer just relying on the strength of our values, but also the value of our strength. β μ°λ¦¬λ λ μ΄μ μ°λ¦¬μ κ°μΉμ νμλ§ μμ‘΄νμ§ μκ³ , μ°λ¦¬μ νμ κ°μΉμλ μμ‘΄νκ³ μμ΅λλ€. (μ΄μλΏ μλλΌ μλλ μ€μν©λλ€.)
πΉ μΊλλ€ κ΅λ΄ μλ κ°ν
We are building that strength at home. β μ°λ¦¬λ κ·Έ νμ κ΅λ΄μμ ꡬμΆνκ³ μμ΅λλ€.
Since my government took office, we have cut taxes on incomes, capital gains and business investment, β μ°λ¦¬ μ λΆκ° μ§κΆν μ΄ν μ°λ¦¬λ μλμΈ, μλ³Έμ΄λμΈ, κΈ°μ ν¬μμΈλ₯Ό μΈννκ³ ,
we have removed all federal barriers to interprovincial trade, β μ£Ό κ° λ¬΄μμ λν λͺ¨λ μ°λ°© μ₯λ²½μ μ κ±°νμΌλ©°,
and we are fast-tracking a trillion dollars of investment in energy, AI, critical minerals, new trade corridors, and beyond. β μλμ§, AI, ν΅μ¬ κ΄λ¬Ό, μλ‘μ΄ λ¬΄μ ν΅λ‘ λ±μ 1μ‘° λ¬λ¬ κ·λͺ¨μ ν¬μλ₯Ό μ μν μΆμ§νκ³ μμ΅λλ€.
We are doubling our defence spending by the end of this decade, and we are doing so in ways that build our domestic industries. β μ°λ¦¬λ μ΄λ² 10λ λ§κΉμ§ κ΅λ°©λΉλ₯Ό λ λ°°λ‘ λ릴 κ²μ΄λ©°, κ΅λ΄ μ°μ μ κ°ννλ λ°©μμΌλ‘ κ·Έλ κ² ν κ²μ λλ€.
We are rapidly diversifying abroad. β μ°λ¦¬λ ν΄μΈμμ λΉ λ₯΄κ² λ€λ³νλ₯Ό μΆμ§νκ³ μμ΅λλ€. (νΉμ κ΅κ° μμ‘΄λλ₯Ό μ€μ΄κ³ μμ΅λλ€.)
We have agreed a comprehensive strategic partnership with the European Union, including joining SAFE, Europeβs defence procurement arrangements. β μ°λ¦¬λ μ λ½μ°ν©κ³Ό ν¬κ΄μ μ λ΅μ ννΈλμμ ν©μνμΌλ©°, μ λ½μ λ°©μ μ‘°λ¬ μ²΄κ³μΈ SAFEμλ μ°Έμ¬νκ³ μμ΅λλ€.
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